Understanding Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
Personal Independence Payment (PIP) is a benefit designed to help people aged 16 to State Pension age who are living with long-term health conditions or disabilities, like epilepsy. It is not means-tested, which means your income or savings do not affect your eligibility. Instead, PIP focuses on how your condition impacts your daily life and mobility, rather than the specific diagnosis you have.
PIP is made up of two components:
Daily Living Component: This part is for people who need help with everyday activities, such as preparing food, washing, dressing, managing medication, or communicating. If your epilepsy affects your ability to complete these tasks safely, reliably, or without support, you may qualify for this component.
Mobility Component: This part is for people who have difficulty getting around. If your epilepsy causes issues such as unpredictable seizures, confusion, or anxiety when out and about, you might be eligible for support with mobility.
Each component has two rates – standard and enhanced – depending on the level of help you need. The amount you receive is based on how your condition affects you, not the condition itself.
PIP is there to support people living with long-term conditions like epilepsy, helping with extra costs and promoting independence. It can be used for things like transport, help at home, or specialist equipment.
To claim PIP, you will need to go through an application process that includes:
Initial claim by phone or post: You’ll provide basic information and receive a form to describe how your condition affects you.
Filling in the form: You’ll explain in detail how epilepsy impacts your daily life and mobility.
Assessment: Most people will be invited to a face-to-face or telephone assessment, where a health professional will ask about your condition and how it affects you.
Decision: The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will review your application and assessment to decide if you qualify and at what rate.
For a more detailed overview of the benefit and the application process, see the official Personal Independence Payment (PIP) guide.
Understanding how PIP works is the first step towards getting the support you need. If you have epilepsy and it affects your daily life or ability to get around, you could be eligible for this important benefit.
How Epilepsy Affects Your Daily Life and Mobility
Epilepsy is a neurological condition that causes recurring seizures, which can vary in type, frequency, and severity from person to person. Common symptoms include sudden loss of awareness, convulsions, confusion, memory lapses, and fatigue. Some people also experience warning signs (auras) before a seizure, while others may not have any advance notice.
Seizures and the medication used to manage epilepsy can have a significant impact on daily life. For example, unpredictability of seizures may make it difficult to carry out everyday activities such as cooking, bathing, or using public transport safely. You might need to avoid certain tasks altogether or require supervision to reduce the risk of injury. Side effects from medication – such as drowsiness, dizziness, or problems with concentration – can also make routine tasks more challenging.
Mobility and safety are major concerns for many people with epilepsy. Seizures can occur at any time, increasing the risk of falls, burns, or accidents, particularly when out and about or in unfamiliar environments. This can lead to a loss of independence, as you may need help from another person to go shopping, attend appointments, or travel. Some people also need support with planning journeys or managing anxiety about leaving the house.
When applying for Personal Independence Payment (PIP), it’s important to explain how epilepsy affects your ability to manage daily living and mobility. Examples of difficulties that may be relevant for your PIP assessment include:
Needing help to prepare meals safely due to the risk of seizures while using knives or hot appliances.
Requiring supervision when bathing or showering to prevent drowning or injury during a seizure.
Difficulty remembering to take medication without prompting or assistance.
Problems with planning and following a route, especially if you are at risk of having a seizure outdoors.
Needing someone with you when crossing roads or using public transport.
Feeling unable to go out alone because of safety concerns or anxiety.
If your condition means you have had to make changes to your living environment, you may find information about adapting your home useful. Making your home safer and more accessible can help you maintain independence, but it’s important to explain to PIP assessors what support you still need, even with these adaptations.
The PIP assessment looks at how your condition affects your ability to carry out specific activities, not just the diagnosis itself. Be as detailed as possible about the help you need, how often you need it, and the risks involved if you do not get support. This will help ensure your claim accurately reflects the impact of epilepsy on your daily life and mobility.
Eligibility Criteria for Claiming PIP with Epilepsy
To qualify for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) with epilepsy, you must meet certain eligibility criteria set out by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP). Understanding these requirements can help you prepare a stronger claim and know what to expect during the assessment process.
General PIP Eligibility Requirements
PIP is designed to support people aged 16 to State Pension age who have a long-term health condition or disability that affects their daily living or mobility. You must have difficulties with daily tasks or getting around because of your condition, and these difficulties must have lasted for at least 3 months and be expected to continue for at least 9 more months. This is often referred to as the 3-month rule and 9-month prognosis.
How Epilepsy Symptoms Affect Eligibility
When claiming PIP for epilepsy, the frequency and severity of your seizures, as well as any side effects from medication, are key factors. The DWP looks at how your epilepsy impacts your ability to carry out daily activities, not just on the days you have seizures, but also on days when you experience after-effects, anxiety, or fatigue.
For example, if you have unpredictable seizures that make it unsafe to cook, bathe, or go out alone, you may be eligible for PIP. Even if your seizures are controlled most of the time, but you still experience significant risks or need supervision, this should be included in your claim.
Assessment of Daily Living and Mobility Needs
The PIP assessment is based on how your condition affects your ability to perform specific daily living and mobility tasks, rather than the condition itself. These tasks include things like preparing food, managing medication, washing and bathing, dressing, communicating, and making decisions about money. Mobility activities focus on your ability to plan and follow journeys and move around safely.
During the assessment, you’ll be scored on each activity based on how much help you need. For epilepsy, you should explain how seizures, side effects, or the risk of having a seizure affect your safety or independence. For instance, if you need someone to supervise you when you bathe or leave the house, this is important evidence for your claim.
The 3-Month Rule and 9-Month Prognosis
To be eligible for PIP, your difficulties must have lasted for at least 3 months and be expected to continue for at least 9 more months. This rule applies even if your epilepsy is variable or you have periods of better control. The DWP will consider the impact of your symptoms over time, not just on your best or worst days.
You can find more detailed information about this rule in the 3-month rule and 9-month prognosis section of the official PIP assessment guide.
Practical Tips for Claiming PIP with Epilepsy
Keep a seizure diary: Record the frequency, type, and impact of your seizures, as well as any after-effects.
Gather supporting evidence: Include medical reports, care plans, and statements from people who help you.
Describe your worst days: Explain how epilepsy affects your ability to do daily tasks safely and reliably.
Mention supervision needs: If someone needs to be with you for safety, make this clear in your claim.
If you want to learn more about how PIP is assessed for different health conditions or explore other guides, visit our PIP Health Condition Guides for broader information and support.
How Your Epilepsy is Assessed for PIP
How Your Epilepsy is Assessed for PIP
When you apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) because of epilepsy, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) uses a specific assessment process to understand how your condition affects your daily life and ability to get around. The assessment is based on set criteria, and it is designed to be fair and consistent for all claimants.
What Assessors Look For
Assessors are interested in the real impact of your epilepsy, not just the diagnosis itself. They focus on:
Frequency and type of seizures: How often you have seizures, what kind they are (such as tonic-clonic, absence, or focal seizures), and how unpredictable they can be.
Effects on daily living: How your seizures and their after-effects make everyday activities difficult, such as preparing food, washing, dressing, managing medication, or going out safely.
Risks and safety concerns: Whether you are at risk of harm during or after a seizure, and if you need supervision or help to stay safe.
Variability: How your symptoms might change from day to day, and whether you have good and bad days.
The assessment is based on a points system. Points are awarded depending on how much help you need with specific daily tasks and mobility activities. To qualify for PIP, you need to score enough points across these activities.
Using Evidence from Healthcare Professionals
Medical evidence is an important part of your application. This can include:
Letters from your GP, neurologist, or epilepsy nurse
Hospital records or care plans
Reports detailing your seizure history and any injuries
Statements from carers, family, or friends about how epilepsy affects your life
This evidence helps the assessor understand your condition more fully and supports your own account of how epilepsy affects you. The DWP values up-to-date and detailed evidence, but you do not need to pay for private reports – use what you already have.
The PIP Questionnaire
When you start your claim, you’ll be sent a “How your disability affects you” form (PIP2). This is your chance to explain, in detail, how epilepsy impacts your daily life. Be honest and specific – describe what happens before, during, and after seizures, and how this affects your ability to do things safely and repeatedly.
Tips for completing the form:
Give examples of recent incidents or difficulties.
Explain if you need supervision or help, even if you don’t always get it.
Mention any triggers or unpredictable aspects of your epilepsy.
Face-to-Face Assessments
Most people will be invited to a face-to-face assessment, either in person or sometimes by phone or video. This is carried out by a health professional who will ask about your epilepsy, your daily routine, and any support you need. They may ask you to describe your seizures and their effects.
Be prepared to talk about:
How often you have seizures and their impact
Any injuries or hospital visits
How you manage medication and side effects
Support you receive from others
The assessor uses this information, along with your questionnaire and medical evidence, to make a recommendation to the DWP.
Official Guidance
The rules and approach for assessing epilepsy for PIP are set out in official government guidelines. For more detail on how the process works and what assessors are required to consider, you can read the PIP assessment process on GOV.UK.
Understanding how your epilepsy is assessed can help you prepare a stronger claim. Take your time to gather evidence, describe your experiences clearly, and seek support if you need help with your application.
Gathering Evidence to Support Your PIP Claim
Gathering Evidence to Support Your PIP Claim
When claiming Personal Independence Payment (PIP) for epilepsy, gathering strong evidence is essential. The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will use this evidence to decide how your condition affects your daily life and mobility. Here’s what you need to know about collecting and presenting the right information.
Types of Evidence Needed
The DWP needs clear, up-to-date evidence showing how epilepsy impacts you. The main types of evidence include:
Medical reports and letters: Ask your GP, neurologist, or epilepsy nurse for a recent letter or report. This should confirm your diagnosis, describe your seizures, and list any treatments or medications you’re taking. Medical evidence should also mention any side effects of medication and how your condition varies over time.
Seizure diaries: Keeping a seizure diary is highly recommended. Record the date, time, type, and length of each seizure, as well as any triggers or after-effects. This diary helps show the frequency and unpredictability of your seizures, which is crucial for your claim.
Medication details: Provide a list of all medications you take, including dosages and how often you take them. Note any changes in medication and whether you experience side effects.
Statements from carers or family: If someone helps you with daily tasks or witnesses your seizures, their written statement can give valuable insight into your needs and challenges.
Explaining the Impact of Epilepsy on Your Daily Life
PIP is awarded based on how your condition affects your ability to carry out specific daily activities, not just on your diagnosis. Be clear and honest about how epilepsy affects you. For example, explain if you:
Need supervision when cooking, bathing, or going out because of the risk of seizures.
Struggle with memory, concentration, or planning as a result of your condition or medication.
Experience anxiety, tiredness, or confusion after seizures, which makes daily tasks harder.
Avoid certain activities or places due to fear of having a seizure.
Give real-life examples wherever possible. For instance, “I need someone with me when I cook because I have dropped hot pans during a seizure,” or “After a seizure, I am confused and need several hours to recover.”
Including Information About Frequency and Severity of Seizures
The frequency and severity of your seizures are key factors in your PIP assessment. The law (Social Security (Personal Independence Payment) Regulations 2013) requires the DWP to consider how often you are affected and the impact on your safety.
Frequency: Note how often you have seizures – daily, weekly, or less often. Include near-misses or auras if these affect your ability to function safely.
Severity: Describe the type of seizures you have (for example, tonic-clonic, absence, or focal seizures) and what happens during and after each one.
Unpredictability: Highlight if your seizures are unpredictable, as this increases the risk and affects your independence.
Don’t forget to mention any injuries you’ve had or times when your condition has put you at risk, even if you haven’t needed medical attention.
Getting Support from Healthcare Professionals or Advocates
You don’t have to gather evidence alone. Your healthcare team can help by providing medical letters and filling out forms. It’s a good idea to ask them to include details about:
The unpredictability of your seizures
Any supervision you need
The effects of medication and treatment
You can also ask an advocate, support worker, or epilepsy charity to help you with your claim. They can assist with filling in forms, gathering evidence, and making sure you explain your situation clearly. If you have a social worker or occupational therapist, they can write a supporting letter about your care needs.
Remember, the more detailed and specific your evidence, the better your chances of a successful PIP claim. Take your time to collect everything you need before submitting your application.
Applying for PIP: Step-by-Step Guide
Applying for PIP: Step-by-Step Guide
If you have epilepsy and are considering claiming Personal Independence Payment (PIP), it’s important to understand each stage of the process. Below, we break down the key steps, what to expect, and how to make sure your application reflects the true impact of epilepsy on your daily life.
1. Starting Your PIP Claim
You can begin your PIP claim either by phone or online. Most people start by calling the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to register their claim. When you call, you’ll be asked for some basic information including your:
Full name, date of birth, and National Insurance number
Address and contact details
Bank or building society account details
Details of your GP or healthcare professional
Alternatively, you can start your claim online if you prefer. The DWP will send you a form to complete after you’ve registered your claim.
For more details on this initial step and what to expect, see the PIP application process.
2. Information You Need to Provide
When you apply for PIP, it’s vital to give accurate and detailed information about how epilepsy affects you. The DWP will need to know:
How often you have seizures and what type they are (e.g., tonic-clonic, absence, focal seizures)
How your condition affects your ability to carry out everyday tasks, such as cooking, washing, dressing, and moving around
Any risks you face during or after seizures, such as injuries, confusion, or memory problems
Details of any support or supervision you need, even if you don’t currently receive it
Having medical evidence ready – such as letters from your GP, neurologist, or epilepsy nurse – can strengthen your claim. You can also include seizure diaries or statements from people who support you.
3. Completing the PIP Questionnaire
After you start your claim, you’ll receive a ‘How your disability affects you’ form (PIP2). This is your opportunity to explain, in detail, how epilepsy impacts your daily life and mobility.
Tips for completing the form:
Be honest and specific about your worst days, not just your best.
Describe the frequency and unpredictability of your seizures.
Explain any help you need before, during, or after a seizure – even if it’s just to keep you safe.
Mention any side effects from medication, such as tiredness, concentration problems, or mood changes.
Use examples: For instance, if you can’t cook safely because of the risk of burns or dropping things during a seizure, explain this clearly.
The DWP will assess you based on how your condition affects your ability to carry out specific activities, not just your diagnosis.
4. Preparing for the Assessment Appointment
Most PIP claims include a face-to-face, telephone, or video assessment with a health professional. This is to discuss your condition in more detail.
How to prepare:
Review your completed form and any supporting evidence.
Have your seizure diary and medication list to hand.
Think about how you would answer questions about your typical day, including tasks you find difficult or need help with.
If you need support during the assessment (for example, a family member or friend), let the DWP know in advance.
During the assessment, be open about how epilepsy affects you, even if it feels uncomfortable to talk about your challenges.
5. What Happens After the Assessment
After your assessment, the DWP will review all the information and evidence you’ve provided. They will use this to decide if you qualify for PIP and, if so, at what rate.
You’ll receive a decision letter explaining their findings. If you disagree with the outcome, you have the right to ask for a mandatory reconsideration and, if necessary, appeal the decision.
For a fuller understanding of the process and your rights, refer to the PIP application process.
Applying for PIP can feel daunting, but taking it step by step – and focusing on how epilepsy affects your daily life – can help you make a strong claim. Remember, you’re entitled to support if your condition makes everyday tasks or getting around difficult.
What to Do If Your Claim Is Denied or You Want to Appeal
If your claim for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) is refused, or you’re unhappy with the amount awarded, you have the right to challenge the decision. Understanding the process and knowing where to get help can make a big difference.
Common Reasons for PIP Claim Refusals
Many PIP claims for epilepsy are refused because the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) decides you don’t meet the criteria for daily living or mobility needs. Common reasons include:
The DWP believes your epilepsy is well controlled with medication.
They think your seizures don’t significantly affect your daily activities or safety.
There is not enough medical evidence to support how your epilepsy impacts your life.
The assessment report may not fully reflect your experiences, especially if your seizures are unpredictable or vary in severity.
If you feel the decision doesn’t reflect your needs, you are not alone – many people successfully challenge PIP refusals.
How to Request a Mandatory Reconsideration
The first step if you disagree with a PIP decision is to ask for a mandatory reconsideration. This means the DWP will look at your claim again, including any new evidence you provide.
Act quickly: You usually have one month from the date on your decision letter to request a mandatory reconsideration.
How to apply: You can do this by phone, letter, or by filling in a form. Clearly explain why you think the decision is wrong and include any extra evidence, such as medical letters or seizure diaries.
What to include: Be specific about how epilepsy affects your daily life and safety, especially if your seizures are unpredictable or you need supervision.
Get confirmation: Always ask for written confirmation that your request has been received.
For a step-by-step guide, visit mandatory reconsideration for detailed information on deadlines, what to write, and what happens next.
Preparing for an Appeal
If the DWP doesn’t change their decision after the mandatory reconsideration, you can appeal to an independent tribunal. This is called making a PIP appeal.
Start your appeal: You must submit your appeal within one month of getting your mandatory reconsideration notice.
Gather evidence: Collect as much supporting information as possible. This can include medical reports, seizure diaries, statements from carers or family, and details of how your epilepsy affects you day-to-day.
Explain your case: Be clear about what you disagree with and why. Use real-life examples – such as needing supervision in the bath or having unpredictable seizures that affect your safety.
Prepare for the hearing: Most appeals are held by video or phone, but you can request a face-to-face hearing if you prefer. The tribunal is independent from the DWP.
Where to Get Help and Advice
Appealing a PIP decision can feel daunting, but you don’t have to do it alone. Consider:
Speaking to local advice services or charities that support people with epilepsy.
Asking your GP, specialist, or epilepsy nurse for supporting letters or evidence.
Reading the detailed guidance on mandatory reconsideration for tips on what to include and how to strengthen your case.
Remember, many people with epilepsy successfully challenge PIP decisions. Taking the time to explain your condition and gather evidence can make a real difference to the outcome.
Additional Support and Related Benefits for People with Epilepsy
If you have epilepsy, there may be additional support and related benefits available alongside Personal Independence Payment (PIP) to help you manage daily life, work, and travel. Understanding your options can make a real difference in your independence and wellbeing.
Other Benefits You May Be Entitled To
PIP is not means-tested and can be claimed whether you are working or not. However, you might also qualify for other financial help, depending on your circumstances. Many people with epilepsy are eligible for benefits such as Employment and Support Allowance (ESA), Universal Credit, or Housing Benefit. These can provide extra income if your condition makes working difficult or affects your living situation. It’s important to check the eligibility rules for each benefit, as they may consider how your epilepsy impacts your ability to carry out daily activities or maintain employment.
Support for Transport Costs
Attending regular medical appointments or specialist clinics can be costly, especially if you cannot drive due to your epilepsy. The NHS offers schemes to help with travel expenses if you receive certain benefits or are on a low income. You can find out more about available schemes and how to claim help with transport costs. This support can cover travel by public transport, taxis, or even mileage if someone drives you to appointments.
Requesting Workplace Accommodations and Flexible Working
If you are in employment, you have a legal right under the Equality Act 2010 to request reasonable adjustments from your employer. These can include changes to your working hours, duties, or environment to help manage your epilepsy safely at work. Examples might be flexible start times, extra breaks, or adjustments to lighting to reduce seizure risk. For more information on your rights and how to make a request, see our guide on workplace accommodations. You can also learn about workplace accommodations and flexible working arrangements specifically for people with epilepsy.
Home Adaptations and Disability Adjustments
Living independently with epilepsy may require changes to your home. You might be eligible for grants or support to make your home safer – such as fitting safety alarms, installing non-slip flooring, or adapting bathrooms. These adjustments can help reduce risks and improve your quality of life. For a detailed overview of your rights and the types of changes you can request, visit our page on home adaptations and disability adjustments.
For a full picture of how PIP and other forms of support can help you manage everyday life with epilepsy, see the Personal Independence Payment (PIP) and epilepsy – Epilepsy Society guide. This resource explains what help is available and how to access it, whether you are working or not.
If you need further advice or help with your application, consider speaking to a specialist adviser or a local support organisation. They can guide you through the process and ensure you receive all the support you are entitled to.
Other Health Conditions Related to PIP Claims
When applying for Personal Independence Payment (PIP), it’s important to know that epilepsy is just one of many health conditions that can affect your eligibility and the way your claim is assessed. PIP is designed to support people with a wide range of physical and mental health conditions, each with its own challenges and impacts on daily life.
Many people find it helpful to explore how PIP assessments work for other conditions, especially if they have more than one health issue or want to understand the broader process. The assessment criteria for PIP focus on how your condition affects your ability to carry out everyday activities and move around, rather than the diagnosis itself. This means that people with different conditions – whether physical, mental, or both – are often assessed in similar ways, with the main difference being how their specific symptoms affect daily living.
Below are some of the most common health conditions, alongside epilepsy, that people claim PIP for. Each guide provides detailed information about the assessment process, the type of evidence needed, and practical tips for making a strong claim:
If you or someone you care for is autistic, our Claim PIP for Autism guide explains how sensory issues, communication difficulties, and routine changes are considered.
For those living with ADHD, the Claim PIP for ADHD guide covers attention, impulsivity, and organisation challenges.
Our Claim PIP for OCD and Claim PIP for Anxiety guides offer advice on showing how mental health conditions impact daily tasks and independence.
If you have depression or bipolar disorder, see Claim PIP for Depression and Claim PIP for Bipolar Disorder for tailored information about mood, motivation, and self-care.
Physical conditions such as Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Fibromyalgia, ME and CFS, Heart Disease, COPD, Diabetes, Ulcerative Colitis, or Crohn’s Disease are also commonly considered for PIP. These guides explain how mobility, pain, and fatigue are assessed.
If you’re dealing with the long-term effects of a stroke, see Claim PIP for Stroke for advice on cognitive and physical difficulties.
For those affected by Long Covid, our guide addresses fluctuating symptoms and fatigue.
If you or someone you support has a learning disability, Claim PIP for Learning Disability covers how understanding, memory, and social interaction are considered.
For people with a terminal illness, Claim PIP for Terminal Illness explains the special rules that can fast-track a claim.
Each of these guides provides practical advice, real-life examples, and specific information about the kind of evidence that helps support a successful PIP claim. Exploring these resources can help you understand how your own symptoms fit within the PIP assessment framework, especially if you have multiple health conditions.
To get a full picture of the PIP process for different conditions, or if you want to read about general assessment criteria and tips for preparing your claim, visit our PIP Health Condition Guides. This will help you make the strongest possible application, whatever your circumstances.
