Understanding Your Water Bill
Your water bill covers the cost of providing clean water to your home, as well as removing and treating wastewater (known as sewerage services). It typically includes charges for water supply, sewerage, and sometimes additional services, depending on your location and provider.
How Water Charges Are Calculated
In the UK, water charges are calculated in two main ways: metered and unmetered billing. If your property has a water meter, you pay for the amount of water you actually use, plus a standing charge. If you do not have a meter, your charges are usually based on your property’s rateable value – a system set before 1990. You can learn more about your rights and responsibilities regarding water services and consumer rights.
Metered vs Unmetered Charges
With a water meter, your bill reflects your household’s actual water usage. This can help you save money if you use less water. If you’re considering switching, find out more about changing to a water meter. If your home isn’t metered, your bill is set based on the property’s rateable value – see further details about paying for water without a meter.
What to Expect from Your Water Supplier
Your supplier must provide clear, regular bills and explain how your charges are calculated. They should also inform you about payment options and support available if you’re struggling to pay. The main legal framework covering water supply and billing is the Water Industry Act 1991, which sets out your rights and the obligations of water companies.
How Water Charges Are Calculated
Water charges in the UK typically cover two main services: the supply of clean water to your home and the removal of wastewater (sewerage). How much you pay depends on whether your property is billed using a water meter or on an unmetered basis.
If you have a water meter, your bill is based on the amount of water you actually use, plus a standing charge. This method encourages careful water use and can sometimes reduce costs, especially for smaller households. To learn more about how this works and the process for switching, see metered and unmetered billing.
For properties without a meter, charges are usually based on the property’s ‘rateable value’ – a value set by local authorities many years ago. This means your bill is not affected by how much water you use. For more details on how these unmetered water charges are calculated, see our dedicated guide.
Other factors can also influence your bill, such as the size of your household, any discounts or support schemes you may be eligible for, and whether you receive both water supply and sewerage services from the same company. Water companies must follow rules set out by Ofwat, the industry regulator, and comply with consumer protection laws to ensure charges are fair and transparent.
What to Expect from Your Water Supplier
Your water supplier has a duty to provide clear and accurate bills, following rules set by Ofwat and the Water Industry Act 1991. This means your bill should show exactly how your charges are calculated, whether based on a water meter reading or a fixed rate. If you’re unsure about your rights or your supplier’s obligations, you can learn more about your water supply.
When you receive your water bill, check the details carefully. Your bill will usually include your account number, the billing period, how much water you’ve used (if you have a meter), and the total amount due. It should also explain any extra charges or adjustments. If anything doesn’t look right, contact your supplier as soon as possible.
Most water companies send bills either every six months or once a year, depending on your payment plan and whether you have a water meter. The bill will clearly state the payment deadline – missing this could lead to late fees or further action. If you have difficulty paying, it’s important to let your supplier know quickly; they are required to offer help and discuss payment options with you.
Understanding your bill and your supplier’s responsibilities helps you manage your payments and avoid problems down the line.
